Source: This Old House | Repost Fadely 6/7/2023 –
Double-Hung
The most popular window in the U.S., and the most appropriate type for traditional house styles, it has two sashes that slide up and down. (On single-hungs, only the lower sash moves.) The screen mounts on the outside. When open, the sashes cover at least half the window opening.
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Casement
Its hinged sash swings out like a door, so air can flow freely through the entire opening. Seals tightly to its jamb, making it one of the best types for keeping out the weather. Operates by hand or by turning a crank. When open, the sash is vulnerable to wind and rain. Best for contemporary and Prairie-style homes. The screen mounts on the inside.